Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

期刊封面

Journal Title: Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
ISSN：0257-358X
CN：37-1164/R
Sponsors: Shandong Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Current Contents

Example Analysis of Application of Image-Based Thinking in Research on Classic Theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine
LU Mingyuan;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Image-based thinking is a method commonly employed in the cognitive framework of traditional Chinese scientific and cultural knowledge systems. It serves as the cornerstone for the theoretical construction of Inner Canon of Huangdi and embodies the essence of Chinese medical theory. Nearly all fundamental concepts in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) were developed by ancient practitioners through observation of natural and human phenomena,aided by image-based thinking. By enumerating and analyzing the application of image-based thinking in the theoretical research of TCM concepts such as “Mingmen(vital gate)”,“Jun and Xiang(the monarch and the minister)”,“gallbladder”,and “parasitic diseases”,this article illustrates that the foundational premise of research on classic theories of TCM lies in preserving authenticity and inheritance. Only by returning to image-based thinking can we trace back to the origins and true essence of the core concepts of TCM,clearly distinguish the similarities and differences among terms,address gaps in the transmitted theoretical heritage,and avoid misinterpretations of classic theories.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1607K]

Clinical Application Specification of “Pulse-Prescription Correspondence”in Systematic Sphygmology for Pattern Differentiation
TENG Jing;QI Xianghua;DING Xiao;LI Jiamin;XU Xiying;YAN Wei;KANG Chen;ZHOU Xue;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Systematic sphygmology for pattern differentiation is the core methodology for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) clinical diagnosis and treatment. Centering on pulse diagnosis,it precisely identifies the causes,pathogenesis,and prognosis trends of diseases by systematically analyzing the characteristics of the pulse,providing an objective basis for establishing treatment principles and selecting prescriptions. There is a multi-dimensional dynamic corresponding relationship between pulse and prescriptions. Through the syndrome differentiation logic of “identifying syndromes based on pulse and formulating prescriptions according to syndromes”,a prescription application system guided by pulse diagnosis can be constructed. Based on the objective analysis of systematic sphygmology for pattern differentiation,in clinical practice,it is not only possible to optimize the compatibility structure of prescriptions,adjust the dosage ratio of drugs and the relationships among the principal,deputy,assistant,and guide herbs,but also to innovatively establish a diagnosis and treatment model of coordinated matching of “pulse-syndrome-prescription”,thus promoting the in-depth development of individualized and precise treatment in TCM. Approved by the Shandong Standardization Association for project initiation,and after being demonstrated by experts from multiple disciplines and fields and verified through evidence-based practice,the Clinical Application Specification of “Pulse-Prescription Correspondence” in Systematic Sphygmology for Pattern Differentiation was finally formulated. This specification has achieved a scientific correlation between pulse diagnosis information,classic prescriptions,and empirical compound prescriptions. It provides an operable technical path and theoretical support for enhancing the clinical application efficacy of prescriptions and promoting the standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment. The promotion of this specification will contribute to the development of TCM prescription science and has certain academic value and practical significance.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1638K]

Analysis of Evolution of Immune Inflammation and NLR in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Intervention Strategies from Perspective of “Phlegm Combined with Blood Stasis Forming Ke'nang”
FENG Tongtong;WEI Xiaoyu;ZHANG Rui;PANG Jianzhong;Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
The occurrence and development of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) are closely related to the dynamic evolution of immune inflammation. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),as a novel indicator reflecting the balance of immune inflammation,holds significant value in assessing the occurrence and progression of AMI. However,the intrinsic relationship between NLR abnormalities and the underlying immune-inflammatory imbalance,as well as its dynamic evolution during the course of AMI,remains to be further elucidated. Guided by the theory of “phlegm combined with blood stasis forming the Ke'nang(a pathological lesion characterized by coagulated phlegm and blood stasis)”,this article focuses on the high consistency in the pathological essence between the “Ke'nang” and the “immune inflammation-thrombosis” network from the perspective of the interaction between the pathogenesis of deficiency of healthy qi with phlegm and blood stasis,and immune inflammation,and explores the associations between them and the occurrence and development of AMI. The dynamic imbalance of immune inflammation is the microscopic manifestation of the pathogenesis of deficiency of healthy qi with phlegm and blood stasis,and abnormal NLR can serve as a potential microscopic indicator for identifying this pathogenesis and judging the prognosis. Based on this,a therapeutic strategy centered on regulating qi,activating blood circulation,resolving phlegm,and eliminating blood stasis is further proposed for the critical stage of the acute phase of AMI characterized by the binding of phlegm and blood stasis and the formation of the Ke'nang,offering new insights for the clinical differentiation and treatment of AMI.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1729K]

Exploration of Formation Mechanism and Clinical Prevention and Treatment Strategies of Bone Metastasis in Lung Cancer from “Lung-Kidney-Bone” Axis Based on “Extreme Bone Weakness” Theory
ZHOU Enguang;GAI Jingchun;ZHAO Zheng;GAO Fei;SONG Aiying;Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Department 1 of Oncology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Bone is one of the common metastatic sites of lung cancer. In patients with lung cancer,due to the invasion of the lungs by cancer toxins,the disease spreads from the mother-organ(lung) to the childorgan(kidney),resulting in deficiency of the kidney and inadequate nourishment for the bones. Meanwhile,cancer toxins can directly damage the kidneys and bones,and then the condition progresses to the state of “extreme bone weakness”. Combining with the “extreme bone weakness” theory,this article starts from the “lung-kidney-bone” axis to systematically explore the correlations between qi deficiency of lung and kidney,kidney deficiency,bone malnutrition and factors such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs),immune cells,epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),and premetastatic niche(PMN) in the microenvironment of bone metastasis in lung cancer. It also analyzes the application of the method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening the body resistance in the prevention and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer,providing ideas for traditional Chinese medicine intervention in bone metastasis in lung cancer.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1620K]

Exploration of Pathogenesis Evolution,Staged Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Based on Theory of “Zang-Fu Organs Extraordinary Connection”
ZHANG Ruqi;WU Yangyang;YANG Chen;SHI Xiaoyu;WANG Shengchun;College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Department of Acupuncture,Moxibustion,Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University;
Based on the theory of “zang-fu organs extraordinary connection”,this article deeply explores the clinical thinking for Parkinson's disease. It proposes a pathological framework of dysfunction of zang-fu organs centered on the liver and large intestine,the spleen and small intestine,and the kidney and triple energizer,and constructs a staged diagnosis and treatment system. In terms of the evolution of the pathogenesis,in the early stage,it is characterized by yin deficiency of the liver and kidney,stagnation of qi in the large intestine,and upward counter-flow of wind-yang accompanied by turbid pathogens;in the middle stage,it is manifested as weakness of the spleen qi,dysfunction of the small intestine in separating the clear from the turbid,and blockage of phlegm-dampness throughout the body;in the late stage,it is marked by insufficiency of the kidney yang,poor circulation in the triple energizer,and the mutual binding of phlegm,dampness,blood stasis,and toxins. In terms of treatment,the focus is on unblocking the fu-organs and regulating the zang-organs,treating the zang-organs and fu-organs simultaneously,and combining acupuncture with medication. In the early stage,the treatments aim to nourish the liver,subdue yang,and calm wind,as well as unblock the fu-organs and reduce turbidity. Modified Zhengan Xifeng Decoction（镇肝息风汤） and Jiyin Chengqi Decoction（济阴承气汤） are selected,combined with the acupuncture method for regulating mind and improving intelligence,as well as the “Three-Needle Method for the Intestines”. In the middle stage,the treatments focus on invigorating the spleen,eliminating dampness,resolving phlegm,and dredging the small intestine. Modified Liujunzi Decoction（六君子汤） and Linggui Zhugan Decoction（苓桂术甘汤） are chosen. In addition to the regular acupoints,Fenglong(ST40),Yinlingquan(SP9),Wangu(SI4),Zhigou(SJ6),and Xiajuxu(ST39) are added,and warming needle moxibustion and herbpartitioned moxibustion on the navel are applied. In the late stage,the treatment principle is to tonify both yin and yang,warm the kidneys to promote the smooth flow of the triple energizer,eliminate phlegm,remove blood stasis,and expel toxins. Modified Dihuang Yinzi（地黄饮子）,Ditan Decoction（涤痰汤）,and Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction（通窍活血汤） are selected,and they are combined with the acupuncture method for strengthening the foundation and dredging the governor vessel,with the needles inserted alternately every other day. By doing so,the pathogenic factors of wind,dampness,phlegm,blood stasis,and toxin can be excreted through the fu-organs. When the zang-organs and fu-organs are in harmony,all symptoms can be relieved.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1664K]

Diagnosis and Treatment of “Ear Stroke” Based on Theory of Qi,Blood,and Body Fluid
JI Wei;WANG Yayue;ZHAO Jiangpeng;WU Wei;WANG Xin;XUE Lan;WANG Jun;YAN Zhanfeng;Department of Otolaryngology,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Hohhot Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease;
“Ear Stroke” specifically refers to a large category of diseases characterized by the sudden onset of ear symptoms(such as deafness,tinnitus,and ear vertigo). These symptoms are all closely related to the ears,and the affected areas are all in the ears. Their onset characteristics are quite similar,and the considered etiology,pathogenesis,and treatment ideas are also quite the same. Therefore,these symptoms can be classified into one type of disease. Based on the theory of qi,blood,and body fluid,this article proposes that the onset of “Ear Stroke” is fundamentally due to the deficiency of healthy qi,and superficially caused by qi stagnation,blood stasis,and body fluid retention in the ear resulting from external pathogenic factors or emotional stimulation. It also analyzes related issues from the perspectives of qi,blood,and body fluid. During treatment,for patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis,the treatment principle is to benefit qi and promote blood circulation,with an emphasis on tonifying qi;for those with qi stagnation and blood stasis,the treatment is to regulate qi and promote blood circulation,and also promote diuresis;for patients with internal retention of body fluid and dampness,the treatment is to harmonize qi and body fluid,and also promote blood circulation.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1659K]

Exploration of Construction of Theoretical System for Treating Stroke with PENG's Eye Acupuncture Therapy and Governor Vessel-Activating and Spirit-Regulating Acupuncture Method Based on Thought of Regulating Spirit
PU Yanpeng;WANG Zhen;CHU Haoran;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine;
Absrtact Both PENG's Eye Acupuncture Therapy and Governor Vessel-Activating and Spirit-Regulating Acupuncture Method are effective clinical treatments for stroke. The theoretical systems of the two methods for treating stroke are both constructed under the guidance of the thought of regulating the spirit. PENG's Eye Acupuncture Therapy is based on the theory of “eight regions and thirteen acupoints in the eyes connecting the brain and internal organs”. According to the connection between the eye system and the brain,as well as the connection between the brain and the spirit,it constructs an “eye-brain-spirit” system and forms a method of treating stroke by regulating the spirit through eye acupuncture. The Governor Vessel-Activating and Spirit-Regulating Acupuncture Method is based on the theory of “the integration of body and spirit”. According to the concept that “the governor vessel is connected to the brain and can regulate the viscera”,it constructs the “governor vessel-brain-spirit” system and forms a method of activating the governor vessel and regulating the spirit to treat stroke. In the clinical treatment of stroke,effective ways of their combined application can be explored based on the similarities and differences between the two theoretical systems.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1605K]

Clinical Study on Chailing Decoction （柴苓汤） Combined with Tacrolimus in Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy of Spleen-Kidney Qi Deficiency with Dampness-Heat Type
YUE Zhongwei;ZHAO Yixin;WANG Dexin;LIU Xinwen;REN Yanyun;Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine;The Fifth Hospital in Xi'an City;Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine;
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Chailing Decoction（柴苓汤） combined with tacrolimus in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN) of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency with dampness-heat type. Methods:A total of 60 patients with IMN of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency with dampness-heat type were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 30 patients in each group. Finally,28 patients in the observation group and 29 patients in the control group completed the study. The control group received conventional Western medical treatments and oral tacrolimus capsules. The observation group received Chailing Decoction in addition to the control group's regimen. The treatment course for both groups was 8 weeks. After treatment,the therapeutic effects of IMN and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome were evaluated in the two groups. The TCM syndrome scores,serum levels of anti-PLA2R antibody,anti-THSD7A antibody,24-hour urinary protein quantification,serum albumin(ALB) level,and blood lipid indicators[triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)] were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results :The therapeutic effect of IMN and the therapeutic effect of TCM syndromes in the observation group were both better than those in the control group(P<0.01). After treatment,both groups showed a decrease in TCM syndrome scores,serum anti-PLA2R antibody levels,serum anti-THSD7A antibody levels,24-hour urinary protein quantification,and blood lipid indicators(TG,TC,LDL-C) levels compared to before treatment(P<0.05). Furthermore,the levels of these indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After treatment,the serum ALB levels in both groups were higher than those before treatment(P<0.05). Moreover,the post-treatment serum ALB level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.01). Except for serum anti-PLA2R antibody levels—for which the pre-to post-treatment within-group difference was not calculated due to non-normal distribution—the magnitude of change(or absolute difference) in all other observed indicators was greater in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.01). Conclusions:Chailing Decoction combined with tacrolimus is effective in treating IMN of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency and dampness-heat type. It can alleviate inflammatory response,improve renal function,and enhance the body's immune capacity.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1689K]

Clinical Study on Shengmai Powder（生脉散） in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiac Injury Caused By Postoperative Radiotherapy(Including Internal Mammary Region Irradiation) for Left-Sided High-Risk Breast Cancer
JIN Yuting;ZHANG Yu;WANG Jiali;CHEN Xiaoyu;MA Jun;The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine;
Objective:To observe the effects of Shengmai Powder（生脉散） on cardiac injury and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes in patients with left-sided high-risk breast cancer who undergo radiotherapy(including internal mammary region irradiation) after surgery. Methods:A total of 67 patients with left-sided high-risk breast cancer after surgery were randomly divided into an observation group of 35 cases and a control group of 32 cases. The patients in both groups received intensitymodulated conformal radiotherapy including the internal mammary region. On this basis,the patients in the observation group took a decoction prepared from the herbs used in Shengmai Powder orally from the day when radiotherapy started until 3 months after the end of radiotherapy. Since 2 cases dropped out during treatment in the control group,35 patients in the observation group and 30 patients in the control group completed the follow-up. The total incidence of radiation-induced cardiac injury,the levels of cardiac function indicator[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)],myocardial injury-related biomarkers[highsensitivity cardiac troponin I(hs-cTnI) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)],and TCM syndrome scores were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment,the total incidence of radiation-induced cardiac injury in the observation group(5.71%) was lower than that in the control group(16.67%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The difference in LVEF between 24 months after treatment and before treatment in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment,the dry mouth score of the observation group was lower than that before treatment and also lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:For patients with left-sided high-risk breast cancer who undergo radiotherapy(including internal mammary region irradiation) after surgery,Shengmai Powder shows a trend toward reducing the incidence of radiation-induced cardiac injury,delay the decline in left ventricular function,and release the symptom of dry mouth.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1746K]

Efficacy Observation of Tiandan Qiyang Decoction（天丹启阳汤） in Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction of Kidney Yin Deficiency Type
WANG Jian;TENG Fengmeng;LU Yang;TIAN Lei;ZHU Yejin;CAO Chengxu;PIAO Zhenrong;YE Siyuan;XIAO Jinlong;SUN Zihao;XUE Yifan;ZHANG Maosen;Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine;Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine;Jiangning Hospital of Chinese Medicine in Nanjing City;
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tiandan Qiyang Decoction（天丹启阳汤） in the treatment of erectile dysfunction(ED) of kidney yin deficiency type. Methods:Based on the order of visit,150 ED patients of kidney yin deficiency type were divided into an observation group of 100 cases and a control group of 50 cases. Due to the drop-out cases during the treatment period,92 cases in the observation group and 41 cases in the control group actually completed the full course of treatment and follow-up. The observation group was treated with oral Tiandan Qiyang Decoction,while the control group was treated with a oral decoction prepared from the herbs used in Zuogui Pill（左归丸）. Both groups received continuous treatment for 4 weeks. The curative efficacy on erectile function,score of the International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5),score of the Erection Quality Scale(EQS),score of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes,levels of five sex hormones,blood lipid levels,uric acid(UA) levels,liver and kidney function,as well as adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment,the total efficacy of erectile function in the observation group was better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment,the IIEF-5 score and the EQS score in both groups were increased compared with those before treatment(P<0.01),and the IIEF-5 score and the EQS score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.01),and the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the serum testosterone level in the observation group was increased compared with that before treatment(P<0.05) and was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of liver and kidney function,blood lipids,and UA between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05),and no obvious adverse reactions occurred in the patients of both groups during the treatment period. Conclusion:Tiandan Qiyang Decoction can effectively improve the erectile function and TCM clinical symptoms of ED patients of kidney yin deficiency type. Its curative efficacy is better than that of the decoction prepared from the herbs used in Zuogui Pill,and it is safe for clinical application.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1888K]

MA Chaoqun's Experience in Differentiating and Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers Based on Theory of “All Pains,Itches,and Sores Are Related to Heart”
WANG Qian;YAO Yiting;CHEN Dexuan;MA Chaoqun;Jiangsu Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine;
The theory that “all pains,itches,and sores are related to the heart” is derived from Plain Questions-Treatise on the Supreme Truth and Essential Principles,emphasizing that pains,itches,and sores are all related to the heart. Professor MA Chaoqun excels in diagnosing and treating diabetic foot ulcers from the perspective of the “heart”. He posits that despite the fact that the manifestation site of this disease is in the skin and collaterals,its root cause lies in the heart,which is closely associated with the abnormal physiological functions of the heart governing fire,the heart governing blood and vessels,and the heart storing the spirit. In clinical practice,he categorizes diabetic foot ulcers into the syndrome of excessive heattoxin and the syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood. For patients suffering from excessive heat-toxin,the treatment method is to clear the heart,cool the blood,purge fire,and resolve toxins. The modified Simiao Yong'an Decoction（四妙勇安汤） is chosen as the prescription. For patients with deficiency of both qi and blood,the treatment method is to strengthen the spleen,nourish the heart,replenish qi,and promote the healing of sores. The modified Gubu Decoction（顾步汤） combined with Bazhen Decoction（八珍汤） is chosen as the prescription. In terms of compatibility,drugs for clearing heat,promoting diuresis,dredging heart vessels,and nourishing the heart spirit are commonly used. Additionally,the external application of the in-hospital preparation Chuangling Liquid（疮灵液） in the form of a wet compress on the ulcer is utilized. This approach of combining internal and external treatments has been proven to be clinically effective. One proven case is attached.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1638K]

YE Yong's Experience in Treating Knee Pain with Tuina Manipulation Guided by Dynamic Assessment of “Foot-Knee-Hip-Lumbar” Mechanical Chain
YIN Shangming;LONG Kangsheng;MOU Yuting;LI Wu;PAN Jiang;YE Yong;The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine;Hunan University of Chinese Medicine;
Knee pain is a common clinical disease,and Tuina manipulation in traditional Chinese medicine possesses distinctive advantages in treating knee pain. Professor YE Yong summarized the knowledge associated with the theory of sinews and integrated it with relevant research in modern biomechanics. He posits that the stability of the knee joint is closely linked to the “foot-knee-hip-lumbar” mechanical chain. Arch collapse,quadriceps imbalance,meniscus injury,weak hip abduction,and straightening of the lumbar curvature are significant causes of knee pain. Therefore,Professor YE Yong employs dynamic assessment of the “foot-kneehip-lumbar” mechanical chain to guide the treatment of knee pain. He integrates Tuina manipulation at each stage of the treatment to reverse compensatory patterns at multiple levels and achieve favorable therapeutic outcomes. One proven case is attached.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1642K]

LI Rundong's Experience in Treating Pulmonary Nodule from Perspective of Liver Controlling Conveyance and Dispersion
LI Li;LI Rundong;Zaozhuang Hospital of Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;
In traditional Chinese medicine,the pulmonary nodule is classified into the categories of lung accumulation and ke'nang. Professor LI Rundong posits that the pathogenic factors of this disease predominantly include qi stagnation,phlegm coagulation,blood stasis,and fire-toxin,and its essence is intricately associated with the dysfunction of the liver in controlling conveyance and dispersion. The liver controls conveyance and dispersion,ensuring the free flow of qi. When qi moves,blood circulates and body fluids are distributed smoothly. If the distribution of qi,blood,and body fluids is orderly,various stagnations such as qi stagnation,phlegm stagnation,blood stasis,and fire stagnation will not occur. However,if the liver's function of controlling conveyance and dispersion is abnormal,qi,blood,and body fluids will stagnate,thereby failing to circulate smoothly. Consequently,various pathological toxins will emerge and accumulate in the lungs,which will lead to the development of lung accumulation. In clinical practice,treatment should be centered around the liver. By adopting soothing the liver,nourishing the liver,and clearing liver heat as the core treatment approaches,restoring the liver's function of controlling conveyance and dispersion and eliminating pathogenic factors can result in the disappearance of nodules. One proven case is attached.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1619K]

JIANG Jianguo's Insights into Pulse Theory in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases Through Complex Thinking in Syndrome Differentiation
WANG Yiheng;SONG Suhua;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Pulse diagnosis originated in the era of Bianque and boasts a long-standing history. Although medical experts from different dynasties have offered diverse interpretations and made advancements in pulse diagnosis,Professor JIANG Jianguo contends that the discussion on pulse-taking methods in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases is the most classic one. Through in-depth research on the syndrome differentiation system of Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases and combined with years of clinical experience,Professor JIANG innovatively proposed the complex thinking in syndrome differentiation. Professor JIANG's insights on pulse theory in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases,based on the complex thinking in syndrome differentiation,are as follows:(1)Since pulses reflect multiple pathological states,their clinical interpretations require integration of pathogenesis and context.(2) Under specific conditions,the phenomenon of contradiction between the pulse and symptoms(i.e.,“contradictory pulse”) may occur. For example,a yin-pulse may be present in yang-diseases,and a yang-pulse may be present in yin-diseases.(3) Regarding the relationship between the pulse and symptoms,a flexible choice should be made between following the pulse and ignoring the symptoms or following the symptoms and ignoring the pulse through the comprehensive consideration of both the pulse and symptoms.(4)For similar pulses,accurate pulse differentiation can be achieved by combining other medical information apart from pulse diagnosis or by inferring the pathogenesis in reverse. In conclusion,Professor JIANG's pulse theory is deeply rooted in ZHANG Zhongjing's pulse-taking methods. It integrates the concepts of constancy and change,dynamic development,and holistic view,providing a well-structured,flexible and practical pulse-taking method for clinical practice. It holds significant academic value and clinical guiding significance.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1604K]

Essence of ZHAO Jie's Experience in Abdominal Diagnosis
GAO Pengqi;ZHANG Bin;ZHAO Jie;Hejin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Jiexiu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Abdominal diagnosis serves as one of the crucial methods for diagnosing diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and holds significant guiding value for clinical syndrome differentiation and prescription selection. Professor ZHAO Jie places significant emphasis on the application of abdominal diagnosis in clinical practice. Grounded in the theory of reinforcing yang with classical prescriptions,he adheres to the syndrome differentiation principle of “deficiency related to Taiyin and excess related to Yangming”. When performing abdominal diagnosis,he first discriminates between positive and negative reactions,and then selects the corresponding prescriptions and herbs for the treatment of diseases by integrating the symptomatic manifestations in different parts of the abdomen,frequently achieving excellent results. One proven case is attached.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1547K]

Exploration of Meaning and Clinical Application of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction（柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤） Based on Theory of Circular Movement
CHAO Huiying;YANG Guangting;XIAO Qiusheng;The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine;Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Based on the theory of circular movement,this article analyzes the formula meaning of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction（柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤）,which takes “ascending on the left,descending on the right,and the middle earth functioning as a pivot” as the core,by classifying all the herbs in this decoction into the six meridians. Chaihu(Bupleuri Radix) combined with Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix) can disperse and relieve the pathogenic factors in the Shaoyang meridian and regulate the left-ascending movement. Dahuang(Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma),Longgu(Os Draconis),Muli(Ostreae Concha),and other herbs can descend the dryness in the Yangming meridian and assist the right-descending movement. Guizhi(Cinnamomi Ramulus) can disperse and dredge the stagnant Yang in the Taiyang meridian. Renshen(Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),and other herbs strengthen and activate the middle-earth of Taiyin meridian to mediate the middle qi. The formula integrates both cold and warm herbs,as well as purgative and tonic methods. It coordinately regulates the ascending and descending movements of qi to restore the circular movement state of the “one qi circulation” in the human body. In clinical application,targeting the core pathogenesis of qi stagnation in Shaoyang liver and gallbladder,the prescription should be flexibly modified according to different concurrent symptoms. Besides treating emotional diseases,cardiovascular diseases,and dermatological diseases,it can also be extended to the treatment of internal miscellaneous diseases such as sleep mania and hypertension.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1585K]

Research Progress on Construction and Evaluation of Animal Models for Ulcerative Colitis with Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome
WANG Jing;HE Xiaoqin;HUANG Xiaoting;ZHANG Bisheng;WEI Yu'na;Basic Medical College,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine;
The disease-syndrome combined animal model,constructed based on the concept of syndrome differentiation and treatment,serves as a crucial approach for investigating the mechanisms underlying traditional Chinese medicine's intervention in the spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome in ulcerative colitis(UC). Analyzing the advantages and limitations of existing methods can offer insights and references for establishing a standardized disease-syndrome combined animal model and its associated evaluation systems. Through a comprehensive review of the recent literature on animal models of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome in UC,this study has found that the current construction of such animal models in UC primarily combines the etiology and pathology-based modeling method with the chemical reagent method. The models constructed using this approach possess advantages such as high success rate,good stability,typical pathological changes,and high clinical consistency. However,the method of establishing models by combining etiology and pathology has the problem of non-unified drug administration cycle and dosage. The model evaluation system encompasses macroscopic characterization,physical and chemical indicators,and syndrome verification via formulas,presenting a relatively comprehensive approach. Nevertheless,the weights of each indicator remain unclear. There are 60 references.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1653K]

Overview of Evolution of Pathogenesis of Bi Disease Under Influence of Climate and Social Environment in Different Dynasties
TIAN Xuanhe;ZHANG Yuya;ZHAO Xiaohu;LIU Yuan;ZHOU Feiyue;HAO Xiaojing;TONG Siyu;WAN Yakun;XU Bing;JIANG Ping;The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;College of Rehabilitation Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
The understanding of Bi disease in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history.Throughout history,medical experts have offered varying interpretations of the etiology and pathogenesis of Bi disease based on the characteristics of the environmental conditions of their respective eras,which has led to the gradual improvement of the treatment of Bi disease in TCM. By systematically analyzing the impacts of climate and social environments across different historical periods on the evolution of the pathogenesis of Bi disease,this article delves into the roles of factors such as climate change,seasonal alternation,temperature,humidity,sunshine,diet,and emotional stress in the occurrence and development of Bi disease. It elucidates the development context of the theory of Bi disease,emphasizes the characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment of Bi disease under different climate and social environments,and offers a theoretical foundation for the prevention and treatment of Bi disease in the contemporary environment. There are 65 references.
2026 04 v.45;No.462 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1719K]

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