Journal Title: Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ISSN：0257-358X CN：37-1164/R Sponsors: Shandong Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
To address the practical challenges of insufficient supply and lagging industrial development of marine Chinese medicine resources in China,this study proposes a collaborative mechanism for resource development,conservation,and utilization of marine Chinese medicine resources based on an open system. By integrating dual pathways of exotic species introduction and native resource exploration,we construct a trinity innovation model of “exotic introduction-native exploration-endangered substitution” under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory. Utilizing modern multidisciplinary technological matrices,we systematically tackle key technical bottlenecks throughout the entire industrial chain,including resource supply stability,standardization of performance and efficacy evaluation,optimization of processing techniques,and enhancement of quality controllability. This research breaks through traditional resource development paradigms,achieving full-chain innovation from empirical inheritance to innovative utilization:(1)Establishing a comprehensive technical system covering resource supply,efficacy evaluation,decoction piece processing,quality control,formula compatibility,preparation development,and new drug research and development;(2)Creating a quality marker screening method for marine Chinese medicine based on multiomics technologies;(3)Developing substitution pathways for endangered species to promote a virtuous cycle between marine resource development and ecological protection. The findings provide theoretical foundations and technical routes for constructing a “ land-sea integrated ” paradigm for TCM resource development,facilitating the synergistic advancement of TCM modernization and China's maritime power strategy.
Professor ZHANG Wei proposes that blood stasis and toxins are important pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis,and from the perspective of qi and blood,he proposes staged treatment by dividing pulmonary fibrosis into the stage of qi deficiency and blood stasis and the stage of qi and blood separation. It is believed that the method of tonifying qi and promoting blood circulation is an important mean of promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis,eliminating toxins and dispersing toxins. Therefore,Buyang Huanwu Decoction（补阳还五汤） is often used to treat pulmonary fibrosis. According to the actual situation of patients,Modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction（加味补阳还五汤） and Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with Liuwei Dihuang Decoction（六味地黄汤） are developped. At the same time,it is emphasized that there are contraindications for the application of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in cases of hypertension and coagulation dysfunction. One test case is attached.
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD),represents a group of chronic conditions characterized by recurrent inflammation of the digestive tract. By exploring the connection between “Yang transforming qi,yin constituting form” and IBD,it is proposed that the pathogenesis evolution of IBD follows the pattern of “insufficiency of yang transforming qi”. Weakened qi transformation fails to warm and promote physiological activities,leading to stagnation of phlegm,fluid retention,and blood stasis—namely “excessive yin constituting form”. Meanwhile,abnormal ascending and dispersing functions due to qi deficiency give rise to “yin fire”,which burns the muscular interstices and consumes yin substances,resulting in “insufficient yin constituting form ”. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(MSC-Exo),similar to the Chinese medical concept of “ kidney essence ”,can transform into primordial qi after entering the body,treating IBD by dissipating yin fire,promoting qi circulation to remove stagnation,and facilitating qi transformation for substance formation. Qi-tonifying medicinals,based on the theory of “essence-qi transformation”,can promote the transformation of kidney essence into primordial qi,thereby enhancing the effect of MSC-Exo in generating primordial qi and improving the therapeutic efficacy for IBD.
Gonarthromeningitis is a common and frequently-occurring disease in orthopedics and traumatology. According to the cause,it can be divided into acute trauma and chronic strain. The pathogenesis of acute trauma is mostly due to injuries from falls and blows,knee trauma,and the presence of blood stasis and toxins. The pathogenesis of chronic strain is liver and kidney deficiency,muscle and tendon strain,and structural changes. The overall pathogenesis is inseparable from deficiency,blood stasis and toxicity,and the treatment starts from the pathogenesis:treatment from blood stasis emphasizes dispersing blood stasis,unblocking meridians and harmonizing qi and blood;treatment from toxicity emphasizes reducing swelling,relieving pain,eliminating dampness and toxins,unblocking joints,expelling water and toxins,regulating qi,dispersing nodules and eliminating phlegm and toxins;treatment from deficiency emphasizes tonifying the internal organs and regulating qi and blood. One test case is attached.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD) is a common disease among women of childbearing age,characterized by periodic emotional abnormalities and physical symptoms,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. This article discusses the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of PMDD based on the theory of “liver storing blood”. The core pathogenesis of PMDD is that during the menstrual cycle,liver blood flows down to the Chong and Ren meridians in the uterus,resulting in temporary insufficiency of liver blood and subsequently causing abnormal circulation of liver qi. Insufficient liver blood leads to hyperactivity or stagnation of liver qi,manifested as abnormal emotions such as irritability,anger,depression and anxiety,accompanied by physical symptoms such as breast distension and pain and insomnia. By analyzing the dynamic changes of liver blood and liver qi in the three stages of premenstrual period,menstrual period and postmenstrual period,it is proposed that the periodic onset of PMDD is closely related to the imbalance of liver blood surplus and deficiency. In terms of treatment,it emphasizes “prevention before illness”,advocating tonifying liver blood and harmonizing liver qi before menstruation,supplemented by strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidneys to enhance blood production function,thereby alleviating the pathological state of liver failure to regulate the flow of qi. Clinically,prescriptions and medicinals that soothe the liver and regulate qi,nourish blood and soothe the liver [such as Xiaoyao Powder（逍遥散）,Danggui Shaoyao Powder（当 归 芍 药 散）,etc.]can be selected,and lifestyle adjustments can be combined to reduce the hidden consumption of liver blood.
Chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH) is a common neurological disorder in the middle-aged and elderly. The circulation of collaterals dominates the qi transformation function of the body and serves as the carrier of the function of qi. Based on the theory of circulation of collaterals,this article analyzes the pathogenesis and treatment methods of CSDH in traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed that the pathogenesis of this disease is based on insufficiency of kidney essence and deficiency of primordial qi,with blood stasis,meridian damage and loss of protective function as the symptoms. Among them,blood stasis and meridian damage are the initiating factors of this disease. The causes of blood stasis and meridian damage can be classified into four categories:qi fails to move blood,qi fails to generate blood,qi fails to control blood,and qi fails to warm blood. In treatment,the principle is to tonify the kidney,fill essence,remove blood stasis and unblock meridians. Based on Buyang Huanwu Decoction(补阳还五汤) and Yougui Pills(右归丸),the Peiyuan Huayu Formula(培元化瘀方) is created for therapeutic purposes.
The theory of gallbladder qi rising in spring is an important component of LI Gao's theory of spleen and stomach. Impacted by The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine and Treatise on Febrile Diseases,LI Gao attached great importance to the significance of the spleen and stomach as the central organ,believing that the spleen and stomach are the pivots for the ascending and descending of qi and the fundamental basis for the generation and maintenance of primordial qi. He also emphasized that the ascending of yang qi is closely related to yin fire. The ascending of the body's yang qi depends on the generation of the gallbladder qi,and the ascending of the qi movement throughout the body also depends on the generation of the gallbladder qi. It emphasizes the role of the Shaoyang qi pivot in the circulation of qi movement and attaches great importance to the physiological connection between Shaoyang and the spleen,stomach and emotions. It stresses that in the clinical process,attention should be paid to balancing the generation and development of Shaoyang qi,so that the yang qi rises and the remaining organs follow. In clinical medication,yang-raising prescriptions are often used,and “ascending and tonifying” windboosting herbs such as Shengma(Cimicifugae Rhizoma),Fangfeng(Saposhnikoviae Radix),and Qianghuo(Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) are well utilized,thus forming a unique theory of gallbladder qi rising in spring.
In order to better understand systemic light chain amyloidosis(AL) from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine,this disease is named “yin marrow toxins”. It is believed that the key to the onset of this disease lies in “yin toxins”,the pathological attribute of the accompanying symptoms is “yin”,the lesion site is in the “marrow”,and the forming pathological factors are “deficiency,blood stasis and phlegm”,which generate toxic pathogenic factors that affect the organs,and the heart or kidney involvement is common. This disease often has a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance. Warming yang,tonifying deficiency,removing blood stasis and resolving phlegm can be used as the basic therapeutic principles to alleviate the manifestations of organ involvement. Clinically,syndromes such as spleen and kidney yang deficiency,heart and lung blood stasis,phlegm retention in the gastrointestinal tract,liver meridian stasis,qi deficiency obstruction,wind-dampness and skin accumulation,and sudden collapse of heart yang can be used as references to further explore the connection between traditional Chinese medicine and this disease.
HUANG Yuanyu's theory of “One-qi circulation” profoundly expounds the relationship between the qi movement of the human body and the five internal organs and six viscera,with its core lying in the qi of the spleen and stomach as the central organs. Based on theory of “One-qi circulation”,it is believed that the core pathogenesis of adhesive intestinal obstruction is the weakness and imbalance of the middle qi,the trapped left rotation and obstruction of the earth,the insufficient descenting of the earth to the right,the stagnation of liver qi without ascending,the failure of lung qi to descend,and the lack of interaction between the heart and the kidney without mutual support,and the waste accumulates in the intestines,forming cold,dampness,turbidity and blood stasis,which become stagnant and blocked,leading to obstruction. The treatment should be based on the fundamental principles of warming and tonifying the middle yang and regulating the spleen and qi. By adopting the methods of warming yang and regulating spleen qi,elevating wood and moistening metal,warming water and assisting fire,and clearing dampness and removing blood stasis,it promotes the smooth flow of qi throughout the body. Huixiang Zhizhu Decoction(茴香枳术汤) is used as the basic formula to consolidate the ascending and descending of qi movement,and Xiaqi Decoction(下气汤) is used to regulate the descending of qi movement to restore the cycle of the dragon and tiger,and Tianhun Decoction(天魂汤) is used to consolidate the therapeutic effect to achieve the original purpose of generating fire and assisting yang. One test case is attached.
Objective:To explore the effects of Tangzhiqing Granules(糖脂清颗粒) on glucose and lipid metabolism and micro-inflammatory status in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(phlegm and stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome). Methods:Eighty obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(phlegm and stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome) were selected as the research subjects and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 40 cases in each group,according to the random number table method. While receiving basic treatment,the control group was treated with metformin,while the observation group was treated with Tangzhiqing Granules on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes,degree of obesity,level of glucose and lipid metabolism,pancreatic islet function indicators,levels of inflammatory factors and safety were compared between the two groups. Results:The total effective rate of the therapeutic effect of TCM syndromes in the observation group was 90.00%,and that in the control group was 67.50%. The comparison of the therapeutic effects between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). After treatment the levels of body mass index(BMI),waist-hip ratio(WHR),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),free fatty acid(FFA),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PBG),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),C-reactive protein(CRP),and interleukin-6(IL-6) in both groups were lower than those before treatment. And the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the pancreatic β-cell function index(HOMA-β) of both groups was higher than that before treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion:Tangzhiqing Granules can reduce the degree of obesity in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(phlegm and stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome),improve the disorder of sugar and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance,promote the recovery of pancreatic islet function,alleviate inflammatory responses,and its therapeutic effect is superior to that of simple western medicine treatment.
Objective:To observe the effects of Yangxin Jianpi Tongmai Decoction(养心健脾通脉汤) on coronary microcirculation,sinus heart rate oscil-lations,circadian rhythm and autonomic nerve activity in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with ventricular premature beats. Methods:One hundred patients with coronary heart disease complicated with ventricular premature beats were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 50 cases in each group,according to the random number table method. The control group received symptomatic treatment with Western medicine,while the observation group was treated with Yangxin Jianpi Tongmai Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The number of ventricular premature beats during the day and at night in the two groups of patients was recorded before and after treatment. The standard deviation of the mean NN interval every 5 minutes(SDANN),the total NN interval of sinus beats(SDNN) level were detected. The oscillation initiation values and oscillation slopes of the two groups were detected. The coronary microcirculation conditions(coronary circulation resistance index,blood flow reserve,peripheral resistance) were evaluated. The levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme,lipodroplet protein 5 and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were detected in both groups.The clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:In the control group,one case dropped out due to loss to follow-up,and in the observation group,one case was excluded because the patient did not follow the prescribed medication. The cure rate and total effective rate of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the number of ventricular premature beats during the day and at night in both groups decreased,and the number in the observation group was less than that in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the levels of SDANN and SDNN in both groups decreased,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the initial values of oscillation in both groups decreased,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The oscillation slopes in both groups increased,and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the peripheral resistance in both groups decreased,and that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). The coronary circulation resistance index and blood flow reserve in both groups increased,and those in the observation group was higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the average levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide in both groups decreased,and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The levels of lipodroplet protein 5 in both groups increased,and the levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Yangxin Jianpi Tongmai Decoction can reduce myocardial injury,improve coronary microcirculation,the circadian rhythm of premature beats and autonomic nerve activity,and enhance clinical efficacy in the treatment of coronary heart disease complicated with ventricular premature beats.
Acupuncture is an effective method for the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis,but intractable facial paralysis is a major difficulty in acupuncture treatment. Based on the conventional acupoint selection and applying Guangming(GB37) and Hegu(LI4) source-connecting acupoints combination,the author's team can significantly relieve symptoms and enhance clinical efficacy with acupuncture in the treatment of intractable facial paralysis. Guangming acupoint can connect the liver and gallbladder,relieve depression and clear heat. Ancient literature records that it has a special therapeutic effect on eye diseases. Modern research also shows that needling the Guangming acupoint can improve blood circulation in the eyes and the neuronal activity of visual unblocking. Hegu acupoint is good at treating various diseases of the head and face. It can clear heat and improve eyesight. When combined with the Guangming acupoint,it can enhance the therapeutic effect on eye diseases. The application of Guangming and Hegu can not only effectively relieve the ocular symptoms after facial paralysis,but also promote the recovery of intractable facial paralysis by regulating the balance of yin and yang and qi and blood.
Objective:To explore the effect of Guizhi Fuling Decoction(桂枝茯苓汤) retention enema combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation on pain and pelvic vein in patients with pelvic congestion syndrome(PCS). Methods:One hundred patients with PCS were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method,with 50 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received biofeedback electrical stimulation treatment 3 to 7 days after the end of menstruation,while the observation group was treated with Guizhi Fuling Decoction retention enema on the basis of the treatment of the control group. Patients in both groups were treated for 3 menstrual cycles. After treatment,the clinical efficacy,Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) score,pelvic vein inner diameter,pelvic vein blood flow velocity,serum prostaglandin(PGE_2,PGF_(2α)) levels,and hemorheological indicators [plasma viscosity,high whole blood viscosity,fibrinogen(FIB)] of the two groups were compared. Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 94.00% in the observation group and 76.00% in the control group. The comparison of therapeutic effects between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). After treatment,the VAS scores of the patients in both groups decreased,and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). After treatment,the inner diameters of pelvic veins in both groups decreased,and the venous blood flow velocities increased. Moreover,the inner diameter of pelvic veins in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the venous blood flow velocity in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(all P<0.05). After treatment,the serum PGE_2 levels in both groups increased,while the PGF_2_α levels decreased. Moreover,the serum PGE_2 level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the PGF_(2α) level was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05). After treatment,the plasma viscosity,whole blood viscosity and FIB levels of both groups decreased,and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Guizhi Fuling Decoction retention enema combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation has a remarkable therapeutic effect on PCS. It can significantly alleviate patients' pain and varicose veins,increase venous blood flow velocity,and improve hemorheological indicators.
Objective:To observe the effect of percutaneous acupoints electrical stimulation on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after gyneco-logical laparoscopic surgery unser the guidance of the theory of midnight-midday ebb flow. Methods:A total of 96 patients scheduled for gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 48 cases in each group,according to the random number table method. Both groups of patients received conventional anesthesia induction and intraoperative maintenance. The observation group,in combination with the midnight-midday ebb flow method,received percutaneou acupoints electrical stimulation treatment for 30 minutes before anesthesia induction and during the recovery period in the recovery room after surgery. The control group only had electrode patches attached and was not given electrical stimulation. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting,the severity of nausea and vomiting [assessed by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)],the levels of serum motilin(MTL) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and the incidence of other adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The incidences of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours after surgery in the observation group were 6.25% and 2.08% respectively,which were lower than 20.83% and 14.58% in the control group(P<0.05). Within 48 hours after surgery,the total incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the observation group was 10.42% and 4.17% respectively,which were lower than 27.08% and 16.67% in the control group(P<0.05). At 24 hours and 48 hours after surgery,the VAS scores of the degree of nausea and vomiting in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). At 12 hours after surgery,the levels of MTL in the serum of both groups of patients were higher than those before surgery,while the levels of 5-HT were lower than those before surgery(P<0.05),and the levels of MTL and 5-HT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of other adverse reactions was 6.25% in the observation group and 16.67% in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusions:Percutaneous acupoints electrical stimulation can reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopic surgery and alleviate the degree of nausea and vomiting unser the guidance of the theory of midnight-midday ebb flow. The mechanism may be related to preventing the increase of MTL and promoting the decrease of 5-HT,without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
This article summarizes the dialectical thinking and treatment methods of Professor LI Li in applying “five-element music regulating emotions” method in the treatment of post-stroke depression. Professor LI believes that post-stroke depression is caused by brain marrow damage,and its pathogenesis is “brain losing its leadership function,causing abnormal qi flow and impairments of piritual mechanism”. The treatment principle is “maintaining the central harmony and regulating the five emotions”. According to the psychological stages of grief in patients after stroke,five stages correspond to the five depressive states. Five modes of music are selected based on syndrome differentiation to balance the five elements and correspond to the five internal organs. Acupuncture is used on the three acupoints along the Governor Vessel [Baihui(GV20),Shenting(GV24),and Yintang(EX-HN3)] to store and protect the spirit,open the celestial gate to regulate defensive and nutritive qi,adding or reducing acupoints to harmonize yin and yang,performing manipulation to promote the circulation of qi,and utilizing knowledge of circadian rhythms to prevent diseases. This not only restores the functional state of the internal organs but also mobilizes the patient's initiative,thereby achieving the fundamental goal of “active participation and life reconstruction” in traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation.
Atherosclerosis(AS) is the pathological basis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which seriously endangers human health. Professor SHI Dazhuo believes that AS belongs to the category of “blood vessel disease” in traditional Chinese medicine,because its pathogenesis and pathological basis are similar to abdominal mass in traditional Chinese medicine,AS can be regarded as “microvascular mass”,and phlegm,blood stasis and toxins play a key role in the occurrence and development of AS. The mutual obstruction of phlegm and blood stasis runs through the entire development of AS,and toxins lead to the progression or rupture of AS plaques. The treatment adopts the methods of promoting blood circulation and resolving phlegm,detoxifying and dispersing nodules,and harmonizing blood vessels,which can achieve remarkable therapeutic effects. One test case is attached.
This article compiles and summarizes Professor LIU Zheng's experience in treating deep venous thrombosis(DVT) based on the theory of blood vessel stasis and toxicity. Professor LIU proposes that blood stasis and toxins are an important pathogenesis of DVT,which runs through the entire process of the disease. Professor LIU puts forward the treatment principles of clearing heat and detoxifying,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. He establishes the Huoxue Jiedu Decoction（活血解毒汤） as the basic formula and treats DVT according to clinical stages(acute stage,protracted stage,and sequelae stage) by adjusting the dosage according to the symptoms. He emphasizes local syndrome differentiation and makes good use of external treatment,which has achieved excellent clinical results. One test case is attached.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)-associated vasculitis is an immune system disorder whose etiology remains unclear. Professor YIN Guofu believes that the onset of the disease is closely related to dampness,heat,blood stasis and deficiency. The nature of the disease is essentially deficiency with excess symptoms,and the affected organs are the lung,spleen and kidney. In clinical practice,the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine is combined with the disease differentiation of Western medicine,and treatment is carried out in stages according to the development process of the disease:in the early stage of the disease,wind-cold pathogens invade the meridians and collaterals,and it is advocated to focus on dispelling wind and unblocking the meridians and collaterals. In the middle stage,when pathogenic factors are obstructed,the emphasis is on eliminating the solid pathogenic factors. In the later stage,when both qi and yin are deficient,it is necessary to regulate and supplement the healthy qi to ensure removing the pathogenic factors for reinforcement of healthy qi. One test case is attached.
Zhengyang Decoction(正阳汤) originated from CHEN Wuze's Treatise on Three Categories of Pathogenic Factors in the Song Dynasty. It was created based on the characteristics of the qi flow in the year of Zi and Wu,where the fire of the Shaoyin ruler is the celestial governor and the dry metal of the Yangming ruler is the earthly support. It has the effect of “pungent and warm to harmonize the cold and sour and bitter to dispel the heat”. It is used in clinical practice to treat various diseases caused by the combination of dry fire and pathogenic factors,which has achieved good results. This article lists four typical cases(irritability and nausea case,atopic dermatitis case,pneumoconiosis case,vulvar pruritus case) for analysis and discussion.
The pathogenesis of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IIRI) remains unclear to date. Traditional Chinese medicine holds that blood stasis is the key pathogenesis and toxicity is the pathological product. The interaction between the two promotes the progression of the disease. Therefore,this article explores the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of intestinal ischemiareperfusion injury based on the method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The traditional Chinese medicinals involved mainly include Honghua(Carthami Flos),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma),Sanqi(Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma),Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Ezhu(Curcumae Rhizoma),Jianghuang(Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) and Huangqi(ASTRAGALI RADIX).The compound prescriptions used include Dachengqi Decoction(大承气汤),Dahuang Mudan Decoction(大黄牡丹汤),Liangge Powder(凉膈散),Taohong Siwu Decoction(桃红四物汤) and Qingchang Mixture(清肠合剂),etc. The above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicinals and their compound prescriptions mostly exert their effects through reducing inflammatory factors,promoting angiogenesis,and improving the blood flow microenvironment. There are 39 references.
